Company Valuation Methods. the Most Common Errors in...

Pablo Fernà ¡ndez. IESE Business School Company valuation methods. The most common errors in valuations Company valuation methods. The most common errors in valuationsâˆâ€" Pablo Fernà ¡ndez PricewaterhouseCoopers Professor of Corporate Finance IESE Business School Camino del Cerro del Aguila 3. Telephone 34-91-357 08 09. 28023 Madrid, Spain e-mail: fernandezpa@iese.edu In this paper, we describe the four main groups comprising the most widely used company valuation methods: balance sheet-based methods, income statement-based methods, mixed methods, and cash flow discounting-based methods. The methods that are conceptually â€Å"correct† are those based on cash flow discounting. We will briefly comment on other methods since -even though they†¦show more content†¦Value should not be confused with price, which is the quantity agreed between the seller and the buyer in the sale of a company. This difference in a specific company’s value may be due to a multitude of reasons. For example, a large and technologically highly advanced foreign company wishes to buy a well-known national company in order to gain entry into the local market, using the reputation of the local brand. In this case, the foreign buyer will only value the brand but not the plant, machinery, etc. as it has more advanced assets of its own. However, the seller w ill give a very high value to its material resources, as they are able to The reader interested in methods based on value creation measures can see Fernandez (2002, chapters 1, 13 and 14). The reader interested in valuation using options theory can see Fernandez (2001c). 1 2 Pablo Fernà ¡ndez. IESE Business School Company valuation methods. The most common errors in valuations continue producing. From the buyer’s viewpoint, the basic aim is to determine the maximum value it should be prepared to pay for what the company it wishes to buy is able to contribute. From the seller’s viewpoint, the aim is to ascertain what should be the minimum value at which it should accept the operation. These are the two figures that face each other across the table in a negotiation until a price is finally agreed on, whichShow MoreRelatedAccounting And Financial Methods And Tools1745 Words   |  7 PagesFirm valuation relates to accounting in that it uses a combination of both accounting and financial methods and tools. Some of the accounting tools used includes the valuation of firms’ assets, valuation of a firm’s profit and loss and also the valuation of a firm’s obligations, which are liabilities. Just like accounting, firm valuation process follows defined steps so as to arrive at the correct value of the firm that is free from errors . â€Å"There are five steps involved; preparation and planningRead MoreAccounting Research: Advantages of Cash Flow1720 Words   |  7 Pagestimes of these transactions are not recorded, however, making it very difficult to track down specific payments if errors are suspected. Likewise, the lack of tracking makes it impossible to connect specific payments with items of inventory or services that are rendered by contractors or other third parties. Being unable to track these payments can be a major disadvantage if accounting errors occur. * Offset Payment Problems- Cash flow accounting lacks dedicated departments for accounts receivableRead MoreMidland Energy Resources1118 Words   |  5 PagesMidland Energy Resources Midland Energy Resources is a fully integrated energy company with operations in EP, Refining Marketing (RM) and Petrochemicals. 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The importance of business valuation ..................................................................3 Key indicators covered in this seminar paper .............................Read MoreChapter 8 Valuation of Inventories15521 Words   |  63 PagesCHAPTER 8 VALUATION OF INVENTORIES: A COST-BASIS APPROACH IFRS questions are available at the end of this chapter. TRUE-FALSE—Conceptual Answer T F F F T T F T F T T F F T T F F T F T No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Description Work-in-process inventory. Merchandising and manufacturing inventory accounts. Perpetual inventory system. Determining when title passes. Inventory errors. Overstatement of purchases and ending inventory. Period vsRead MoreCorporate Valuation5403 Words   |  22 PagesMethods of Corporate Valuation Prof. Ian H. Giddy, New York University | What is my company worth? What are the ratios used by analysts to determine whether a stock is undervalued or overvalued? How valid is the discounted present value approach? How can one value a company as a going concern, and how does this change in the context of a potential acquisition, or when the company faces financial stress? Finding a value for a company is no easy task -- but doing so is an essential componentRead MoreReal Estate Appraisal: a Review of Valuation Methods8210 Words   |  33 Pages PRACTICE BRIEFING Real estate appraisal: a review of valuation methods School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece, and Jonathan Edwards Consulting, University of Reading, UK Keywords Market surveys, Real estate, Forecasting, Estimation, Assets valuation Abstract The valuation of real estate is a central tenet for all businesses. Land

The Mind / Brain Identity Theory - 1718 Words

A person relates to the world through different mental and corporeal experiences. The former is associated with one having a (non-physical) mind, which contains beliefs, desires, feelings and so on, while the latter involves having a (physical) brain. The Mind/Body problem questions whether the mind and brain are the same or different objects. For a long time, the interpretation of these experiences has been much debated by philosophers and scientists. One influential interpretation is Descartes’s Dualism of substances, which became one of the most lasting legacies in his philosophy. However, a scientifically stronger interpretation was advanced through the Mind/Brain Identity theory. Prior to discussing how Elliott Sober’s presentation of the Identity Theory is philosophically stronger than Dualism, I will begin by evaluating the philosophical perspective of Dualism; I will examine the distinction between mental and physical substance and assess the strengths of duali sm. I will also attempt to show the subsequent problems that rise from such distinction and some of the prominent reasons for why Dualism do not hold weight against the Identity Theory. Dualism being the brainchild of Rà ©ne Descartes was subsequently labeled as Cartesian Dualism. This theory holds that one possesses an entity called the soul, which can exist independently of the body (the soul can be translated to the mind). Descartes argues that there are two fundamentally different kinds of substances, oneShow MoreRelatedThe Mind Brain Identity Theory1096 Words   |  5 Pagesof the mind have been made for and against, whether or not the mind and the brain are the same entity. The mind-brain identity theory is the view that the mind is the brain and that mental states are brain states (Mandik 77). Therefore, we can identify sensations and other mental processes with physical brain processes (Blutner 4). I argue, that the mind is not identical to the brain, and the conceivable idea of zombies, as well as the multiple realizability argument, can disprove this theory. InRead MoreThe Mind Brain Identity Theory1371 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy October 29, 2015 In this paper, I will argue that the Mind-Brain Identity Theory provides sufficient grounds to accept Epicurus’ argument for death being annihilation. I will argue my thesis by referring to Peter Carruthers’ The Mind Is the Brain to establish that one’s mental states are in fact brain states and will also refer to Epicurus’ Death is Nothing to Us. Next, I will explain that if one accepts the Identity Theory then one should also accept, as Epicurus argues, that death shouldRead MoreThe Mind Brain Identity Theory1689 Words   |  7 Pagesargument that dealt a â€Å"considerable blow† to the Mind-Brain Identity Theory—a theory developed by J.C.C Smart—in which he [Putnam] stated â€Å"mental states are multiply realizable.† His argument is driven by functionalism. His functionalist account of mental states like pain differs from what is explained by the Mind-Brain Identity Theory. In turn, he also avoids the issue of multiple real izability, an issue that was proven to be problematic for the Identity Theory. This leads into John Searle s argument againstRead MoreThe Mind Brain Identity Theory Essay1977 Words   |  8 Pages The mind is a complex myriad of thoughts and psychological systems that even philosophers today cannot entirely grapple. It is composed of the senses, feelings, perceptions, and a whole series of other components. However, the mind is often believed to be similar or even the same as the brain. This gives rise to the mind-brain identity theory, and whether there exists a clear distinction between the physical world and the non-material mind. In this paper, I will delineate the similarities and differencesRead MoreThe Mind Body Identity Theory1668 Words   |  7 Pagesnature of a human person; this has lead to various theories and speculation about the nature of the human mind and body. The question they are tying to answer is whether a human being is made of only the physical, body and br ain, or both the physical or the mental, mind. In this paper I will focus on the mind-body Identity Theory to illustrate that it provides a suitable explanation for the mind and body interaction. Identity Theory Identity theorists hold the view that the mental events are nothingRead MoreThe Theory And Identity Theory, And Deal With The Multiple Realisability Argument1690 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinitive solution is yet to be found that universally satisfies the problem of mind brain identity. The most logical answer comes in the form of monism. Therefore in this paper I will argue that the mind and the brain are identical, as the mind exists only as a property of the brain. David Lewis and D.M Armstrong give support for the causal relationship between mind and brain states in the form of the identity theory, and deal with the multiple realisability argument provided by Hillary Putman. GottlobRead MoreUsing Material From Smart And Armstrong1378 Words   |  6 Pageshoc basis I will attempt first, explain what â€Å"Mental states are identical to physical brain states† means in philosophical context. Second, I will explain the motivations of the type-identity thesis (Occam s Razor, and explanation of the casual efficiency of mental states) using material from Smart and Armstrong. Third, I will go onto examining type-identity thesis merits (how it solves Descartes problem of mind and body and how it allows us to derive the casual role of mental phenomena) and drawbacksRead MoreThe Brain And Mind Identity1608 Words   |  7 Pagesis more mysterious than the human mind but without the brain how do you have a mind? The brain sends and receives information by electrical impulses around the human body allowing us to see, move, feel, hear and think. If the brain is removed from the human body these impulses will cease, thus there will be no mind. Philosophers like Place, Smart, and Armstrong support this claim through the notion of identify theory and type physicalism. Brain and mind identity is a very controversial topic withRead MoreThe Identity Theory Of Mind1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe development of the Identity Theory of Mind is representative of materialist p hilosophy’s shift towards questions of human consciousness. Within philosophical and scientific circles, discussions of the mind and body have supplanted discussions of what constitutes the world around us. Staggering technological innovation, alongside the establishment of superior of scientific research methodologies, has given rise to this philosophical trend – Identity Theory is, indeed, the culmination of this trendRead MorePhilosophy Of Rene Descartes860 Words   |  4 Pagesstems another critical part of his philosophy which states that the mind and the body are two separate substances. This concept is called dualism. Minds are indestructible and indivisible. Bodies are destructible and divisible (Searle, 2004). Descartes claims that the mind and the body are connected in the sense that the body is an extension of the mind. Moreover, the reduction of consciousness to a bodily state is impossible. The mind, according Descartes, is able to exist on its, own separ ate from

The Red Room and A Vendetta Essay Example For Students

The Red Room and A Vendetta Essay Compare and contrast how the language and techniques used create characters, atmosphere and setting in The Red Room and A Vendetta In this essay, I will compare and contrast two stories; The Red Room by H. G. Wells, and A Vendetta by Guy De Maupassant. Both of these authors use confusion and contrast, in both the characters, the setting and the atmosphere in their stories. These techniques help to keep the reader interested and excited, by keeping the story unpredictable. The language used to create characters in both stories causes some confusion, both over their own views, and over the views of the reader in relation to the characters. The narrator of The Red Rooms opinion changes and twist sharply in the story, and in A Vendetta, the reader is manipulated into pitying different characters throughout the story. Both of these confusion techniques, although they may not have been used intentionally by the authors, serve to make the story less predictable, and therefore more interesting and entertaining. The narrator of The Red Room is a logical, matter-of-fact person, but when he enters the Red Room, all his logic is lost. The phrase last vestiges of reason crushed demonstrates how a sensible, rational person can completely lose control in the wrong situation. Using the term last vestiges in this way gives the impression that, although he hadnt shown it, the narrator had already been becoming more and more afraid and irrational as the night went on. The word crushed seems to show that after this event, the narrator has no hope of pulling back his rationality. There is a strange contrast between the characters, in that the narrator gives the impression at the start that he is not scared about the haunted room by saying he will only believe in a tangible ghost. The word tangible shows that the narrator would need a ghost so realistic that not only could he see it, he could actually feel it. He suggests that ghosts cannot possibly exist as he has never seen one, whereas the other characters in the story are clearly frightened enough to make a point of warning him about the dangers of the ghost. The old womans phrase many things to see seems to warn the narrator about his own youthful foolishness, and perhaps foreshadows the terrors of the storys climax. Wells other stories are mostly science fiction, and this leads me to believe that he is probably a firm believer in science. The story could be trying to convince people that many superstitions are untrue, and, in using a young man who is very logical and reasonable, but ultimately collapses under the terrors of the room, makes it seem at first that superstitions case is winning. The narrator panics in the Red Room, and it seems that all he believes in is being thrown into question. The quote shadows I feared shows that he has become terrified of the very ghosts he denied at the start. But then, he realises afterwards that all that was scaring him in the Red Room was fear itself. Although Wells may not have been doing this deliberately, he seems to be trying to convince people that science is the truth, by taking a supernatural scenario, explaining and demystifying it. Using this method of twisting the story until the end might have helped convince some readers at the time of publication. Because it seems, until the very end, that superstition has won, the final twist of reminding the reader that, convincing as it may seem, the haunted room wasnt haunted, could have made readers recognise that some very believable irrationalities are, in fact, untrue. .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 , .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .postImageUrl , .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 , .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3:hover , .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3:visited , .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3:active { border:0!important; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3:active , .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3 .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u94daf9dcef40851a77e2e2bfd62292b3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Discuss in detail the Fugue from Bach EssayAt the time this story was written, many new studies of science were just appearing. For example Charles Darwins famous book, On The Origin Of Species was published in 1859, 35 years before The Red Room. A lot of people who would have been deeply religious were becoming much more aware of science. Because of this, there was fierce conflict between science and religion. H. G. Wells seemed to be contributing to the rise in science, by trying to persuade readers that ghosts do not exist. However, a more subtle technique is used, when there are certain aspects of the story which arent fully explained. For example, when the fire in the Red Room goes out, could a draught possibly have caused it? This is not explained, and in leaving the reader at a loose end like this, the author seems to be admitting that science can explain nearly everything, but not quite. This could have helped some readers accept that both science and religion could be true at the same time, contributing to a more modern way of thinking which often regards them as complementary, rather than strict alternatives. Wells might have only wanted to convert people because he knew no other way to write stories, or it might be because this is his deepest belief and he felt the need to spread the wonders of science further. Whatever the reason, the narrators changing character helps create an interesting and exciting story, which would have been a reason it was so popular. The language in The Red Room was carefully selected to convey this contrasting and mixed-up character. In A Vendetta, there is a similar confusion and controversy around the characters, because the reader is left partly at a loss as to which characters side they should be on.

Temperature- Sensitivity Medication In Critical Care Transportation

Question: Discuss about the Temperature- Sensitivity Medication In Critical Care Transportation. Answer: Introduction Medication storage is stringently regulated via numerous reports which analyse the impact of temperature on the process of medication stability (Hecq et al, 2015; Montes et al., 2016). The phenomenon of medication stability is ascertained via numerous factors starting from temperature, light, humidity, agitation and pH. It is the duty of the inpatient pharmacies to work carefully in order maintains the requirements of the medication storage. The proper storage of the temperature-sensitive medications in the less controlled setting of the critical care transport cast significant challenges and hence should be taken under active consideration both in the domain of patient care and fiscal perspective (Clancy et al., 2017). Allowing medications to exceed the recommended temperature of the manufacturers thresholds could put the patient at a fatal risk for failed or unpredictable therapeutic response towards medications or improper diagnostic test outcomes. The commonly used transportation process for temperature sensitive medication in critical care include a cartridge of 5 to 6 medicines (approximately) holding capacity and single point-of-care testing equipments. This cartridge has a temperature limit of 2 to 25 degree C (Clancy et al., 2017). However, if this temperature threshold is exceeded, the manufacturers of the medicines or drugs have drug specific recommendations for proper handling and expirations of these medications. However, if the medications are stored below the lower limit of storage, there are no available data narrating the impact of medication stability from the manufacturers end (Clancy et al., 2017). According to the reports published by Helm et al. (2013), the environmental temperature excursion under the emergency or critical care medical service settings, with recorded temperature in Germany, America and Canada from -13 degree C to 50 degree C account for nearly 30% more exposure time above the recommended temperature ranges (25 degree C) and at least 20% of the time below the minimum storage limit of 0 degree C. United states Pharmacopeia (USP) National Formulary prescribes the proper regulation of the packaging, storage and distribution of medications (Brown, Krumperman Fullagar ,2004). The majority of the medications commonly employed by the emergency medical services (EMS) are mainly intended for storage at controlled room temperature. The definition of controlled room temperature as stated by USP is multifaceted ad extremely complex and thus cannot be easily described as one of the simple range of acceptable temperatures or even as an average temperature. According to Br own, Krumperman and Fullagar (2004), one of the main uncontrolled aspect of external environment is temperature. Brown, Krumperman and Fullagar (2004) stated that the evidence is clear that storage of EMS medication is not consistent with the definition stated by USP in the domain of controlled room temperature. Moreover, the impact of EMS over the process of medication storage, medication stability and potency remains unclear. Rationale The following study is crucial in the present day scenario because it aims to analyse the effect of temperature variance upon the temperature sensitive medication during the process of transportation at the critical care settings. The study also aims to throw a brief light on the effective process that must be required to be undertaken in order to prevent the expiration of medication during the process of transportation and thereby reducing the fatal impact on the patients who are destined to receive that medicine. The elucidation of the results will help to design a detailed chart of the proceedings that must be helpful to protect the efficacy of temperature sensitive medication for the critical care. The results will also help to generate informed storage norms for life-saving temperature sensitive drugs like chemotherapeutic medication or intravenous antibiotics which crucial in critical care (Lv et al., 2015). Methodology The data for this paper was collected through the use of qualitative methods, based on systematic review. In order to commence on the search of the literary articles, proper identification of keywords were undertaken (Mcintosh-Scott et al., 2014). According to Polit and Beck (2014), identification of keywords is crucial for proper capturing the proper concept of the literature. The keywords, which were selected for the study is illustrated in the table below: Keywords Thesaurus terms Subject Headings Temperature sensitivity Medicine temperature sensitivity Temperature sensitivity of medication Critical care Emergency care Critical care Medications Drugs or capsule Medications Electronic or online resources were used for the literary search of the articles based on the keywords and the search limit was 15 years because it helped in the detailed analysis of the data and most of the relevant papers were found within this range. British Nursing Index Cochran Systematic Review Database Google Scholar Internurse Joanna Briggs Institute EBP database Library search of University articles Medline Table: Electronic resources used for the literature search Source: Created by author The main inclusion criteria, which was selected for search of the literature, was studies, which were published within the last 15 years and available in English. However, the search of the literary articles was not limited by size of the trial or type of the literature. The researcher included both qualitative and quantitative articles. The studies dealing with the role of temperature sensitive medications and the handling of the temperature sensitive medications by the nurses under the hospital settings were included in the search. In the inclusion criteria, systematic reviews, surveys and meta-analysis were selected in order to provide a comprehensive picture of temperature sensitive medication transportation in critical care. According to Parahoo et al. (2014), inclusion and exclusion criteria are important to set the boundary of the research while narrowing down the bibliographic resources available. Results The keyword search found 50 papers. These papers were again shortlisted based on their research titles and 28 were found to be significant. These 28 papers were reviewed for short-listing them on the e basis of abstract. Abstract analysis provided only 10 significant articles, which came under the scope of this study. These 10 research papers were again reviewed thoroughly and only 3 were found evident with scope, relevancy and nature of the research. According to Clancy et al.,(2017) the current practices of the concerned hospital setting involved the use of a Packlt cooler along with a commercially available ice pack. The pouch is tamper resistant, tagged and non-insulated. The ice substitute pack is generally kept above the Packlt cooler along with the tamper resistant pouch and the iSTAT cartridges kept below the substitute pack. The paper had also provided a retrospective review of the various transport durations and it was found that the current procedures of the transport of m edications are not that safe or efficient for storing or transporting the medications. It was found that the medications exceeding the room temperature have experienced some loss of potency. Although none of the manufactures published data about the retention of the medication potency could not validate the extent of the degree of degradation of the potency. While experimenting on the temperature sensitivity of the Packlt cooler, it was found that the deviation of the temperatures mandated about 2 ?. It strongly correlates to the starting temperature for the cooler and the ice pack that is -12.4 ?. Under these conditions, the medicines were observed to be under 2 ? for 50 minutes and three hours. Although no recommendations for the manufacturers for dealing with medications at a temperature less than 2 ? were provided. The results have found that proteinaceous compounds can easily denature even if they are briefly exposed to temperatures below 0 ?. In context to this experiment, the manufacturers could not provide any published data regarding the stability of the hormones like prostaglandin and proctant alfa. On the other hand, Chapa, (2014) describes about the different methods of preservation as per the requirement of different medicines. This paper supports the findings of the previously discussed paper of using supplementary ice packs for storing the medications. According to the results shown by Chapa, (2014), it was found that the medications like glyceryl nitrtate should be stored at temperature below 25 ? and should be protected from light. The author has tried to find out whether application of any insulated material can actually protect the heat sensitive materials. The novel feature of the intervention is the humidity control device. The intervention was made for protecting the pharmaceutical products from heat, light and moisture as well as mechanical damage. Corder Mayer, (2013) on the other hand have stated that the cold chain encompasses the storage and transport facilities to ship temperature controlled medications. Here the author have discussed that domestic refrigerato rs are certainly not suitable for the storage and the transport of the high risk materials. Refrigerators are specially designed for the storage of medicinal products. This paper has refuted the use of the dry ice and in case of the rubber Stoppard vials and it was also found that the low temperature causes shrinkage of the rubber vials. The paper also emphasized on the use of special monitoring devices within the load. Discussions and Implications of findings Critical care transport has always been subjected to challenges for the delivery of excellent and safe clinical care beyond the controlled hospital settings. Shafaat et al.,(2013) have shown that if the temperature threshold is maintained (2 ?- 8 ?), then the strategies becomes unfruitful for the trip durations more than three hour and the temperature sensitive medications are considered adulterated if are used after the manufactured recommended expiry dates. The manufacturers do not provide the exact ? of the degradation because the stability of the medicine depends upon the stability and the potency of the active ingredient of the medications. The limitation of the study is that the medication temperature is not measured by directly opening the package due to the cost of the medications and the risk of altering the temperature of the medicine by opening the package. Another limitation of this study is that, there was no bioavailability or the potency studies on the medications as t hat was beyond the scope of the studies. The paper emphasized on the fact that the current refrigeration strategy is not suitable in storing or transporting the medications. The implication of this study is that it gives an idea about the different temperature controlled methods that are used for the transportation of the temperature controlled medications and the relevance of the icepacks in iSTAT. Dissemination plans The manufacturers should provide the manuals in more details. The clinical staffs should be provided with proper trainings regarding the storage and the transportation of the medications. Proper trainings shall be made given regarding the maintenance of the equipment. Information handouts can be provided to the staffs. Recommendations There had been increasing number of temperature controlled medicines that require controlled low temperature storage. According to Taylor, (2008), domestic refrigerators can be used for the cold storage of small volumes of the medicinal products such as the eye drops. a number of containers have been made for the transportation of the temperature sensitive medicines. They are constructed out of a thermal insulating material and contain separate baffles for separating the products from the temperature stabilizing materials like ice packs (Taylor, 2008). All the refrigerator vehicles have to be well monitored with a continuous recording devices or portable monitors placed within the load. The shipping companies should regularly carry out their operations for confirming that they remain capable of maintaining the quality of the product Clancy et al., 2012). Validated cool boxes from the recognized medical supply should be used in conjunction with the minimum and the maximum thermometers for ensuring the maintenance of the cold chain (Taylor, 2008). Vaccines should be kept in the original packages and should be placed in cool boxes for maintaining the potency of the vaccine (Kumru et al., 2014). All the cool boxes should be transported out of direct sunlight and should be secured in the boot of the car (Luciano Jr, Luciano, 2012). There should be high and low temperature alarms and should be set within suitable limits. The low temperature alert should trigger if the temperature drops below =1 C. The alarms should be tested regularly. The large portable refrigerators should be regular servicing. All the larger and the smaller units have to be cleaned regularly (Corder Mayer, 2013). References Brown, L. H., Krumperman, K., Fullagar, C. J. (2004). Out-of-hospital medication storage temperatures:: a review of the literature and directions for the future.Prehospital Emergency Care,8(2), 200-206. Chapa, A. F. (2014). U.S. Patent No. 8,640,487. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Clancy, J., Karish, C., Roddy, M., Sicilia, J. J., Bigham, M. T. (2017). Temperature-sensitive Medications in Interfacility Transport: The Ice Pack Myth.Air medical journal,36(6), 302-306. Clancy, J., Karish, C., Roddy, M., Sicilia, J. J., Bigham, M. T. (2017). Temperature-sensitive Medications in Interfacility Transport: The Ice Pack Myth. Air medical journal, 36(6), 302-306. Corder, J., Mayer, W. T. (2013). U.S. Patent No. 8,424,335. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Hecq, J. D., Rolin, C., Godet, M., Gillet, P., Jamart, J., Galanti, L. M. (2015). Long-term Stability of Esomeprazole in 5% Dextrose Infusion Polyolefin Bags at 5 degrees C+/-3 degrees C after Microwave Freeze-thaw Treatment.International journal of pharmaceutical compounding,19(6), 521-524. Helm, M., Castner, T. H., Lampl, L. (2003). Environmental temperature stress on drugs in prehospital emergency medical service.Acta anaesthesiologica scandinavica,47(4), 425-429. Kumru, O. S., Joshi, S. B., Smith, D. E., Middaugh, C. R., Prusik, T., Volkin, D. B. (2014). Vaccine instability in the cold chain: mechanisms, analysis and formulation strategies. Biologicals, 42(5), 237-259. Luciano Jr, R. A., Luciano, L. W. (2012). U.S. Patent No. 8,123,036. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Lv, R., Yang, P., He, F., Gai, S., Yang, G., Dai, Y., ... Lin, J. (2015). An imaging-guided platform for synergistic photodynamic/photothermal/chemo-therapy with pH/temperature-responsive drug release.Biomaterials,63, 115-127. McIntosh-Scott, A., Mason, T., Mason-Whitehead, E., Coyle, D. (2013).Key concepts in nursing and healthcare research. Sage. Meyer, C. E., DeVore, T. A., Kennison, A. E., Sieron, M. A., Wynne, N. (2011). U.S. Patent No. 7,913,511. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Montes, J. A., Johnson, D., Jorgensen, J., McElmeel, M. L., Fulcher, L. C., Kiel, J. W. (2016). Potency and Sterility of Fortified Tobramycin, Fortified Vancomycin, and Moxifloxacin at 4, 24, and 35 C for 14 Days.Cornea,35(1), 122-126. Parahoo, K. (2014).Nursing research: principles, process and issues. Palgrave Macmillan. Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T. (2014).Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Shafaat, K., Hussain, A., Kumar, B., ul Hasan, R., Prabhat, P., KumarYadav, V. (2013). An overview: storage of pharmaceutical products. world journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, 2(5), 2499-2515. Taylor, J. (2008). Recommendations on the control and monitoring of storage and transportation temperatures of medicinal products. The pharmaceutical journal, 267(28), 128-131.

How Important a Community Immersion Essay Example

How Important a Community Immersion? Paper How Important a Community Immersion? We thought it would be boring and Just a matter of wasting time. For some it is, but for others it is not. For poor people its significant and valuable, but for the rich one, most of them will consider it worthless. Being In a community immersion is a great challenge because you need to compromise with those matters that the Indigenous people are used to. You need to show up that everything Is fine and smoothly moving. You need to adjust and maximize your understanding. You need to accept and embrace the things you met along the way. You should avoid offending your poster families, like showing that you dont Like whats going on, Instead show love and care for them. Eve realized many things when I was In the situation of community Immersion. Eve realized things which awakened my senselessly as an Individual. Can you Imagine a 6 yr. Old child walking for about 6 km everyday Just to go to school? Just to learn! Thats how blessed we are! We Just ride In a car and eventually were on school. But them they suffered a lot because they alma for a simple goal, to finish their studies. We will write a custom essay sample on How Important a Community Immersion? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How Important a Community Immersion? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How Important a Community Immersion? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For us, its a typical thing, but for them its their biggest dream in life. But what caught my attention much; it was their contentment in their living. To eat three times a day was enough for them. Its a simple living actually but with harmony and peace. It is love that binds them together; its their deepest appreciation of each others existence that makes them one. No matter how simple the way of living is, happiness never depends on it, but it lies beyond the individuals that live under the roof. Be contented! Appreciate things! Share love and give care! These are what a community immersion will give you!

Five Reasons Why Blogging Improves Your Writing

Five Reasons Why Blogging Improves Your Writing Five Reasons Why Blogging Improves Your Writing Five Reasons Why Blogging Improves Your Writing By Ali Hale Do you have your own blog? If so, do you sometimes feel guilty about spending time writing for your blog rather than working on something which you consider more â€Å"worthwhile†? If you don’t have a blog, have you ever thought of starting one? Perhaps you’re not sure whether it would be worth the investment of your time and energy. Here are five great ways that starting your own blog, or continuing writing the one you already have, can improve your writing. 1. You’ll get into the habit of writing regularly We’ve covered ways to write every day before, and this really is a good habit to establish if you have serious writing ambitions. Blog posts tend to be short and can be online as soon as you’ve written them: it’s much easier to write daily on your blog than to keep plugging away on stories and articles that might not be published for months, if at all. 2. Instant feedback lets you know how you’re doing If you are writing purely for yourself, you don’t need feedback. Most of us, though, feel that a piece of writing is not complete until it has a reader. (Indeed, there is a school of critical theory that insists a piece of writing only truly exists whilst it is being read.) One of the best things about blogging is that not only is publishing instant, feedback is too. As soon as your piece is posted, readers will start adding their comments, emailing you, or even linking to it from their own blogs. You’ll know when your writing is good because you’ll get positive responses. Negative feedback, or none at all, will tip you off that your style might need work, or that the content of your piece may be boring, trite or over-done. 3. Having readers for your work is a big motivation Do you have days when you sit down to write †¦ and stare at the screen for ages before giving up in frustration? Sometimes you just aren’t â€Å"in the mood† to write. When you’re feeling motivated, though, the words come easily. Knowing that real people are reading what you write is a huge boost – something you can only appreciate once you’ve experienced it. Even on days when you’re feeling less than inspired, the thought of your readers can be enough to get you writing. 4. Your writing will improve The best way to get better at anything is to practice. Writing frequently for your blog means your writing will improve – both as you react to feedback, and as you learn how to craft effective sentences and choose perfect words. If you already write a blog, look back at your earliest posts. Do they make you cringe, when compared to your writing now? 5. Blogs are an ideal medium for experimentation Sometimes, you might want to try out a new style or form of writing. Short sentences. (With no verbs.) Bullet pointed lists A more verbose, elegant and poised style, using the rhythms and cadences of the English language to transform a piece of writing into a work of art. Writing a whole story, article or even a book in a new style could be a big risk – what if it doesn’t work? A blog post, on the other hand, is quick to write and free to publish: if it fails, you’ve not lost much. Blogging gives you the freedom to experiment, to try out something new. If blogging’s made you a better writer, let us know how in the comments below. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Dialogue Dos and Don'tsâ€Å"As Well As† Does Not Mean â€Å"And†90 Verbs Starting with â€Å"Ex-†

Finance and Accounting Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Finance and Accounting 2 - Assignment Example The interaction made with the organization based on relationship marketing can prove to be a part of ongoing relationship between the customer and the organization and this is because through the interaction, which was done through mail, highlights the importance of relationship marketing in the competitive environment and can be said to be a competitive advantage for organizations. Based on the interaction it has been learned that P&G has been using digital tools in order to build one on one relationship with the customers so to enhance the innovative and marketing capabilities of the company. According to P&G CEO, Bob McDonald the company aims to create indispensable relationship with the brands and it is possible though digital technology. The interaction on relationship marketing which took place can evaluate the way organization is thinking and to what extent they are ready to incorporate change to cater the needs of the customers. P&G is known for its innovation and customers e xpects the same level of innovation, involvement from the company while dealing with the requirements of the customers, therefore the interaction with the management of P&G is definitely an advantage to gather more information about the strategies which are adopted by the company to cater the needs of its target customers (Marketing Governance, 2011). Based on the interaction it has been revealed that P&G builds relationship with the customers based on trust and transparency. The company provides individual with choices and information with respect to communication strategy. The interaction further tends to create value for the ongoing relationship between the customers and the organization a whole. In the competitive world it has become extremely necessary to build trust on the customers so that loyalty is maintained with respect to specific brands and for this relationship marketing plays an important role and can be related to ongoing relationship between the customers and the or ganizations. Based on the interaction with P&G management, it has also been revealed that it has developed website allowing customers to shop through the site rather than visiting the stores. The online retail market is the new buzz word and companies are following it to attract and retain new and potential customers. By developing e-store P&G has created an image for itself in the minds of the customers as an accessible brand made available to the customers at any point of time and also helps to retain them from shifting to another brand offering the same facility. P&G advertise the sites and hopes that the convenience of shopping online by the customers draws more and more customers to the site (NBC News, 2010). The online retail stores have proved to be effective and have helped many retail outlets to incur profit ad increase revenue. Most important, it creates a perception in the minds of the customers that the brands is accessible and P&G being a huge FMCG giant and involved in many different sectors, the customers would prefer to buy products from the company which would further result in customer loyalty for the brand. This way the brand will be able to keep up the long term relationship with its target market and also potential target customers. Therefore organizations and brands are dependent on the customers providing them with an upper hand in comparison to the companies.